He created numerous programs to provide relief to the unemployed and farmers while seeking economic recovery with the National Recovery Administration and other programs. In the 1932 presidential election, Roosevelt defeated Republican incumbent president Herbert Hoover in a landslide.ĭuring his first 100 days as president, Roosevelt spearheaded unprecedented federal legislation and issued a profusion of executive orders that instituted the New Deal. He returned to public office as governor of New York from 1929 to 1933, during which he promoted programs to combat the Great Depression besetting the U.S. In 1921, Roosevelt contracted a paralytic illness that permanently paralyzed his legs. presidential election, but Cox lost to Republican nominee Warren G. Cox's running mate on the Democratic Party's ticket in the 1920 U.S. He was a member of the New York State Senate from 1911 to 1913 and then the assistant secretary of the Navy under president Woodrow Wilson during World War I. His third and fourth terms were dominated by World War II.Īfter attending college, Roosevelt began to practice law in New York City. He also built the New Deal coalition, realigning American politics into the Fifth Party System and defining American liberalism throughout the middle third of the 20th century. Roosevelt directed the federal government during most of the Great Depression, implementing the New Deal in response to the worst economic crisis in American history. Franklin Delano Roosevelt ( / ˈ d ɛ l ə n oʊ ˈ r oʊ z ə v ɛ l t, - v əl t/ DEL-ə-noh ROH-zə-velt, -vəlt January 30, 1882 – April 12, 1945), commonly known as FDR, was an American statesman and politician who served as the 32nd president of the United States from 1933 until his death in 1945.
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